In July 2025, tensions between Thailand and Cambodia have escalated into violent clashes along their shared border, raising concerns for expatriates living in Thailand. The conflict, rooted in a long-standing dispute over areas like the Ta Muen Thom and Preah Vihear temples, has led to at least 14 deaths, mostly Thai civilians, and displaced thousands. For expats in Thailand, this situation brings questions about safety, travel, and daily life. This article breaks down what’s happening, how it affects foreigners in Thailand, and practical steps to stay safe and prepared.
Understanding the Thailand-Cambodia Conflict
The border dispute between Thailand and Cambodia dates back to maps drawn during French colonial rule, which left ownership of certain territories unclear. The latest violence erupted in May 2025 after a Cambodian soldier’s death, escalating into heavy fighting on July 24 near the Ta Muen Thom temple. Thailand reported 13 civilian deaths and one soldier killed, while Cambodia has not confirmed casualties. Thai airstrikes targeted Cambodian military positions, and both countries have closed land borders, halting cross-border travel. About 40,000 Thai villagers in border provinces like Surin, Sisaket, and Ubon Ratchathani have been evacuated.
Adding to the tension, Thailand’s Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra was suspended after a leaked phone call with Cambodia’s former leader Hun Sen sparked political controversy. Cambodia’s Prime Minister Hun Manet has called for a UN Security Council meeting, accusing Thailand of aggression, while Thailand claims Cambodia used rockets against civilian areas. International efforts, including calls for peace from ASEAN, the US, and China, aim to prevent further escalation.
How the Conflict Impacts Expats in Thailand
For foreigners living in Thailand, the border clashes create several concerns, from personal safety to travel restrictions and visa issues. Here’s how the situation affects expats:
- Safety Concerns:
- Border Regions: The fighting is concentrated in Thai provinces near Cambodia, such as Surin, Sisaket, and Ubon Ratchathani. These areas face risks from gunfire, rockets, and landmines. Thai authorities have urged residents to relocate at least 30 miles from the border. Expats in these regions should consider moving to safer cities.
- Urban Areas: Major cities like Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Hua Hin, and Phuket are far from the conflict and remain safe. However, political unrest in Bangkok, driven by the Prime Minister’s suspension, could lead to protests. Expats should avoid large gatherings or politically charged areas.
- Community Relations: While no widespread hostility toward foreigners has been reported, rising nationalism could create tension. Expats should stay respectful and avoid discussing the conflict publicly.
- Travel Restrictions:
- Closed Borders: Thailand has shut all land crossings with Cambodia across seven provinces, blocking travel by car or foot. This affects expats who regularly visit Cambodia or rely on cross-border activities.
- Air Travel: Flights from Bangkok to international destinations, including Cambodia, are operating normally, with Thai Airways maintaining schedules for now. Expats planning to travel should confirm bookings early due to potential disruptions.
- Leaving Thailand: International airports like Suvarnabhumi in Bangkok remain open, offering a reliable way to leave if needed. However, demand for flights could rise if tensions worsen.
- Visa and Legal Issues:
- Thailand has tightened visa rules for Cambodian citizens, which may signal stricter immigration policies overall. Expats should check their visa status with Thai immigration authorities or their embassies to avoid complications.
- Keeping important documents like passports and visa papers accessible is crucial in case of sudden changes.
- Daily Life:
- Supplies and Services: Unlike Cambodia, Thailand faces no major shortages of food or goods, so expats in cities should see minimal disruption. However, border communities may experience closed shops or limited services due to evacuations.
- Work and Education: Expats in urban areas can likely continue work or school as usual. Those in border regions may face interruptions and should consult employers or schools for guidance.
- Internet Access: Thailand’s internet services remain unaffected, ensuring expats can stay connected with family, work, or news sources.
Practical Steps for Expats in Thailand
To navigate the current situation, expats can take these steps to ensure safety and preparedness:
- Stay Informed:
- Register with your embassy in Thailand (e.g., US, UK, or Australian embassies in Bangkok) for real-time alerts on the conflict and travel advisories.
- Follow trusted news sources like BBC or The Guardian for accurate updates. Avoid sharing unverified social media posts, as the Thai military has warned against spreading misinformation.
- Connect with expat communities, such as Bangkok Expats on social media, to share advice and local insights.
- Evaluate Your Location:
- If you live in Surin, Sisaket, or Ubon Ratchathani, relocate to a safer city like Chiang Mai or Hua Hin. Local authorities are assisting with evacuations, and universities in Surin are serving as safe zones.
- Expats in Bangkok or other major cities can continue normal routines but should steer clear of protests or border areas.
- Plan for Travel:
- Book flights early if you plan to leave Thailand, as demand may increase. Check with airlines like Thai Airways for schedule updates.
- In an emergency, contact your embassy for evacuation guidance. Some countries may coordinate departures if the situation escalates, similar to Thailand’s efforts to bring citizens back from Cambodia.
- If travel to Cambodia is necessary, consider flying or routing through a third country like Laos or Vietnam, ensuring you have the required visas.
- Secure Your Visa:
- Visit a Thai immigration office or consult your embassy to confirm your visa status. Have digital or physical copies of your passport and visa ready in case of sudden travel or immigration checks.
- Prepare for Emergencies:
- Pack a “go-bag” with essentials like your passport, cash, phone charger, and medications for quick departure if needed.
- Identify safe locations, such as government buildings or schools, where you can go in an emergency. Save contact numbers for your embassy, local police, and trusted friends.
- Stay calm and avoid border regions, as the conflict remains localized.
Are Expats Safe in Thailand
For most expats in Thailand, the answer is yes, especially in cities like Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Hua Hin, or Phuket. The border clashes are limited to specific areas near Cambodia, far from urban centers where most foreigners live. The Thai government is focused on protecting residents, and embassies are actively supporting their citizens. International efforts to de-escalate the conflict, including calls from ASEAN and the UN, reduce the chance of a larger war. However, expats should remain cautious by:
- Avoiding border provinces like Surin, Sisaket, and Ubon Ratchathani.
- Monitoring news for political developments in Bangkok.
- Preparing for potential travel or visa disruptions.
Looking Ahead
The Thailand-Cambodia border clashes are a serious concern, but they are unlikely to affect expats in Thailand’s major cities. By staying informed, checking visa status, and preparing for emergencies, foreigners can continue living safely in Thailand. Keep in touch with your embassy, avoid border areas, and have a plan in case the situation changes. Thailand remains a welcoming place for expats, and with the right precautions, you can navigate this challenging time with confidence.
Note: The situation may change quickly, so check with your embassy or trusted news sources for the latest updates. Stay safe and prepared.
